2020년 11월 10일 AWS에서 Gateway Load Balancer(GWLB)를 출시했다.
회사에서 온보딩 진행 중 ELB 를 정리하다 알게 되었다.
자세한 것은 AWS 뉴스 블로그에서 확인할 수 있다.
현재 AWS Gateway Load Balancer를 사용할 수 있는 AWS 리전은 미국 동부(북부 버지니아), 미국 서부(오레곤), EU(아일랜드), 남아메리카(상파울루), 아시아 태평양(시드니) 리전이다.
GWLB는 파트너 어플라이언스의 간단한 배포, 확장성, 고가용성을 제공하는 서비스이다.
반대로 AWS 파트너 네트워크 및 AWS Marketplace 파트너들의 측면에서는 GWLB가 가용성, 확장성과 같은 부분을 해결해 줄 수도 있을 듯. (가격이 더 저렴해질려나?)
기존에 AWS Marketplace 등에서 방화벽을 구축하는 경우 (나의 경우는 WAF) 설계에 고려해야 될 부분과 운영 측면에서도 이슈가 많은데 GWLB를 사용하면 이러한 부분을 많이 해결해 줄 수 있을 것 같다.
GWLB는 OSI 세 번째 계층인 네트워크 계층에서 동작한다.
모든 포트에서 모든 IP 패킷을 받아서, 규칙에 지정된 대상 그룹으로 트래픽을 전달한다.
VPC 내 라우팅 테이블에서 구성을 하면 GWLB로 트래픽을 보낼 수 있고, 고객은 가상 어플라이언스에서 트래픽을 분산하여 탄력적으로 확장/축소를 할 수 있다.
고가용성을 보장하기 위해 GWLB의 고급 라우팅 기능을 사용해 트래픽을 정상 어플라이언스로만 보낼 수 있다. 이건 ALB와 비슷한 것 같다.
GWLB는 모든 VPC와 사용자 계정에서 동작하고, 중앙에서 한 번에 가상 어플라이언스를 관리하는 옵션을 제공한다. 이렇게 하면 복잡성이 줄고 보안이 개선된다고 한다.
GWLB는 양방향의 트래픽 흐름을 동일한 어플라이언스로 보내고, 어플라이언스가 Stateful 하게 트래픽 처리를 하게 한다.
GWLB와 등록된 어플라이언스 인스턴스는 6081 포트의 GENEVE 프로토콜 (IETF가 만든 캡슐화 네트워크 프로토콜)을 사용하여 트래픽을 교환한다.
또 AWS PrivateLink로 구동되는 새로운 유형의 VPC 엔드포인트 – Gateway Load Balancer Endpoint(GWLBe) – 를 통해 어플라이언스를 쉽게 배포 할 수도 있다.
처음에는 API Gateway용인가? 싶었는데, 재미있는 서비스인 것 같다.
실습은 추후에 다시 포스팅 할 예정.
참고자료
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